ANALYSIS | CITIES TAKING THE HEAT: Adaptation and heatwave preparedness in Europe

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This paper has four main objectives, reflected in its structure as follows: first, to explore the impacts of heatwaves upon cities and urban populations in general, placing it in the wider context of climate change and how it falls within the wider EU policy priorities.

The second objective is to introduce the most relevant types of adaptation measures designed to counter the impacts of urban heat. The interventions discussed most notably include nature-based solutions. While green infrastructure (i.e. green corridors, roofs, facades, or schoolyards) harnesses the power of greenery, blue infrastructure (i.e. wetlands, natural and artificial water bodies or permeation techniques) builds on the potential of water.

Further, the paper discusses the relevance of technical aspects such as materials, surfaces and cooling used in urban areas. This is to explore measures of different technological sophistication, from painting streets white to developing bioclimatic facilities and surfaces.

The third objective is to explore the most effective measures of heatwave mitigation, drawing on examples from cities regularly affected by extreme 3 seasonal heat. The practices discussed include climate shelters, temporary shading elements and water-based installations.

Finally, the fourth objective is to open the question of governance and public awareness. Specifically, the paper puts forward the importance of political leadership, crisis management and public engagement in facing climate emergencies such as heatwaves.

Drawing on innovative practices from Europe and beyond, the paper aims to offer an overview of the most relevant solutions currently available. Reflecting on their strengths and limitations, it attempts to contribute to the relevant policy and public discussion about how to counter the next heatwave.

Read the full analysis by clicking the PDF button below.